[The need to monitor risk factors relating to patients on antipsychotics].

Background: The use of antipsychotics can lead to the development of obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and hyperglycemia, risk factors for diabetes mellitus type 2 and cardiovascular diseases.

Aim: To find out whether patients suffering from psychoses and schizophrenia and taking antipsychotics should be monitored systematically and periodically for the risk factors for and complications of the above-mentioned diseases.

Method: A written survey was conducted among the relatives of users of antipsychotics, relatives being members of the Ypsilon association in the Limburg region.

Differential effects of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and transforming growth factor-beta1 on gene expression of collagen-modifying enzymes in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) in combination with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) or transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) are under evaluation for bone tissue engineering. Posttranslational modification of type I collagen is essential for functional bone tissue with adequate physical and mechanical properties. We investigated whether BMP-2 (10-100 ng/mL) and/or TGF-beta1 (1-10 ng/mL) affect gene expression of alpha2(I) procollagen and collagen-modifying enzymes, that is, lysyl oxidase and lysyl hydroxylases 1, 2, and 3 (encoded by PLOD1, 2, and 3), by human AT-MSCs.

Extraforaminal ligament attachments of the thoracic spinal nerves in humans.

An anatomical study of the extraforaminal attachments of the thoracic spinal nerves was performed using human spinal columns. The objectives of the study are to identify and describe the existence of ligamentous structures at each thoracic level that attach spinal nerves to structures at the extraforaminal region. During the last 120 years, several mechanisms have been described to protect the spinal nerve against traction.

Effect of long-term preservation on the mechanical properties of cortical bone in goats.

Background And Purpose: Bones used in mechanical studies are frequently harvested from human cadavers that have been embalmed in a buffered formaldehyde solution. It has been reported that formaldehyde fixation or freezing hardly affects the mechanical properties of bone after a storage period of several weeks. However, human cadaver bones are usually stored for longer periods of time before use.

PLDLA mesh and 60/40 biphasic calcium phosphate in iliac crest regeneration in the goat.

Although morbidity of the iliac crest after grafting has been reported to occur frequently, it is the most widely used donor site. A proper regeneration of the defect could decrease morbidity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two types of reconstruction of standardized critical size defects of the iliac crest after 3, 6, and 12 months.