Mechanisms of extracellular vesicle uptake and implications for the design of cancer therapeutics.

The translation of pre-clinical anti-cancer therapies to regulatory approval has been promising, but slower than hoped. While innovative and effective treatments continue to achieve or seek approval, setbacks are often attributed to a lack of efficacy, failure to achieve clinical endpoints, and dose-limiting toxicities. Successful efforts have been characterized by the development of therapeutics designed to specifically deliver optimal and effective dosing to tumour cells while minimizing off-target toxicity.

Past-Year HIV Testing, Current Antiretroviral Therapy Use, and Participation in Services for People Who Inject Drugs.

Evaluating routine HIV testing and treatment and use of services for people who inject drugs (PWID) is critical to curb the ongoing HIV epidemic. We analyzed data from the 2018 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance of PWID aged 18 years or older, recruited using respondent-driven sampling and offered anonymous HIV testing after survey. We performed bivariate and multivariable analyses with log-linked Poisson regression of the generalized linear models to examine the associations between demographics and PWID service use, past-year HIV testing, and current antiretroviral therapy (ART) use.

Extracellular Vesicles in the Skin Microenvironment: Emerging Roles as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Tools in Dermatologic Health and Disease.

The recent discovery of extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying cargo consisting of various bioactive macromolecules that can modulate the phenotype of recipient target cells has revealed an important new mechanism through which cells can signal their neighbors and regulate their microenvironment. Because EV cargo and composition correlate with the physiologic state of their cell of origin, investigations into the role of EVs in disease pathogenesis and progression have become an area of intense study. The physiologic and pathologic effects of EVs on their microenvironment are incredibly diverse and include the modulation of molecular pathways involved in angiogenesis, inflammation, wound healing, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, proliferation, and immune escape.

Understanding the Experiences of Latinx LGBTQ Texans at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Marginalized communities have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19, including both racial/ethnic minority and sexual minority populations. To date, there has been little research examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic at the intersections of marginalized identities. Furthermore, available national data on COVID-19 outcomes may obscure our understanding of region-specific outcomes, particularly in the U.

Changes in nascent chromatin structure regulate activation of the pro-fibrotic transcriptome and myofibroblast emergence in organ fibrosis.

Cell reprogramming to a myofibroblast responsible for the pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix is fundamental to the onset of fibrosis. Here, we explored how condensed chromatin structure marked by H3K72me3 becomes modified to allow for activation of repressed genes to drive emergence of myofibroblasts. In the early stages of myofibroblast precursor cell differentiation, we discovered that H3K27me3 demethylase enzymes UTX/KDM6B creates a delay in the accumulation of H3K27me3 on nascent DNA revealing a period of decondensed chromatin structure This period of decondensed nascent chromatin structure allows for binding of pro-fibrotic transcription factor, Myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) to nascent DNA.