Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Response among COVID-19 Patients Receiving Favipiravir.

We retrospectively studied nasopharyngeal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who were hospitalized between January 13 and April 1, 2020. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted using primers and probes targeting the ORF1ab and N genes. All patients were classified in the following groups: Group 1: received favipiravir + chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine + lopinavir/ritonavir or darunavir/ritonavir for 5-10 days, Group 2: received chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine + lopinavir/ritonavir or darunavir/ritonavir for 5-10 days, and Group 3: no antiviral medication.

Prime-boost immunization of codon optimized HIV-1 CRF01_AE Gag in BCG with recombinant vaccinia virus elicits MHC class I and II immune responses in mice.

The HIV-1 CRF01_AE gag gene was modified by codon restriction for Mycobacterium spp. and transformed into BCG; and it was designated as rBCG/codon optimized gagE. This produced 11 fold higher HIV-1 gag protein expression than the recombinant native gene rBCG/HIV-1gagE.

Enhancement of cell-mediated immune response in mice by whole HIV-1 gag in Mycobacterium bovis BCG as a live vaccine candidate.

In this study, we employed a recombinant Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) harboring whole HIV-1 CRF01_AE gag DNA as a candidate vaccine to investigate specific cell-mediated immunity in BALB/c mice. Construction of the stable expression recombinant BCG was achieved by demonstrating by Western blot detection of protein of approximately 55 kDa. By a single injection of 0.

Prime-boost vaccination using recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG and recombinant vaccinia virus DIs harboring HIV-1 CRF01_AE gag in mice: influence of immunization routes.

We have previously reported that live vector-based HIV-1 gag vaccine candidate using BCG as a vector was achievable in BALB/c mice. Although the gag-specific CTL induced by this live candidate vaccine is significantly high, persistence of CTL remains unclear. Thus, efforts were made to explore the potential of recombinant Vaccinia virus DIs strain harboring the same HIV-1 CRF01_AE gag gene (rVaccinia/ HIV-1gagE) present in the BCG construct, using different immunization routes.

Results of Charité artificial lumbar disc replacement: experience in 43 Thais.

Objective: To demonstrate the results of artificial lumbar disc replacement in Thai patients with degenerative disc disease.

Material And Method: A prospective study had been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of artificial lumbar disc replacement in patients from October 2004 to December 2007. Oswestry disability index (ODI) score and visual analogic scale (VAS) for pain had been used to assess the clinical result before and after surgery.