Some thoughts about Anthony V. Rawlings and hydration and barrier function of the skin.

Anthony V. Rawlings has had 30+ years of experience in the general area of skin science. He has many scientific publications, and his work has been highly cited.

Linoleate-Containing Acylglucosylceramide, Acylceramide, and Events Associated with Formation of the Epidermal Permeability Barrier.

Background: Linoleate-containing acylglucosylceramide (GLC-CER[EOx], where x = sphingosine [S], dihydrosphingosine [dS], phytosphingosine (P), or 6-hydroxysphingosine [H]) in the viable epidermis serve as the precursors to the linoleate-containing acylceramides (CER[EOx]) in the stratum corneum (SC) and the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE), both of which are essential for the barrier function of the skin.

Summary: CLE formation and envelope maturation take place across the SC. Hypoxic conditions in the epidermis and anaerobic glycolysis with the production of lactic acid are important in proper SC barrier formation.

Synopsis of Barrier Function of Skin and Mucosa-Volume 2.

This is an attempt to briefly summarize the contributions to this second Special Issue of the on the barrier function of the skin and the oral mucosa [...

Protective Barriers Provided by the Epidermis.

The skin is the largest organ of the body and consists of an epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue. The skin surface area is often stated to be about 1.8 to 2 m and represents our interface with the environment; however, when one considers that microorganisms live in the hair follicles and can enter sweat ducts, the area that interacts with this aspect of the environment becomes about 25-30 m.

Time Frame Analysis of Potassium Nitrate and Hydrogen Peroxide Diffusion into the Pulp Chamber.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an innovative double-layer, single-application desensitizing/whitening technique of potassium nitrate (PN) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) diffusion at different time points.

Methods And Materials: Specimens were prepared from extracted caries-free human molars (n=90). Teeth were randomly assigned into four groups: Group A (HP CTRL) treated with 25% HP for 45 minutes, group B (PN CTRL) received a single-layer treatment of 5% PN for 45 minutes, group C received the double-layer treatment of 5% PN and 25% HP for 45 minutes, and group D received a 3% PN incorporated in a 40% HP gel for 45 minutes.