The diagnostic value of nasal microbiota and clinical parameters in a multi-parametric prediction model to differentiate bacterial versus viral infections in lower respiratory tract infections.

Background: The ability to accurately distinguish bacterial from viral infection would help clinicians better target antimicrobial therapy during suspected lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). Although technological developments make it feasible to rapidly generate patient-specific microbiota profiles, evidence is required to show the clinical value of using microbiota data for infection diagnosis. In this study, we investigated whether adding nasal cavity microbiota profiles to readily available clinical information could improve machine learning classifiers to distinguish bacterial from viral infection in patients with LRTI.

Antibiotic misuse in respiratory tract infections in children and adults-a prospective, multicentre study (TAILORED Treatment).

Respiratory tract infections (RTI) are more commonly caused by viral pathogens in children than in adults. Surprisingly, little is known about antibiotic use in children as compared to adults with RTI. This prospective study aimed to determine antibiotic misuse in children and adults with RTI, using an expert panel reference standard, in order to prioritise the target age population for antibiotic stewardship interventions.

Antibiotic Overuse in Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Lower Respiratory Tract Infection.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) during the first year of life. Antibiotic treatment is recommended in cases suspected of bacterial coinfection. The aim of this prospective study was to estimate the incidence of bacterial coinfections and the amount of antibiotic overuse in children infected with RSV using expert panel diagnosis.

[Neonatal subgaleal haemorrhage; a potential life-threatening extracranial haemorrhage].

A female neonate delivered at term developed hypovolemic shock due to a subgaleal haemorrhage, i.e. extracranial bleeding between the galea aponeurotica and the cranial periosteum.

Lamellar body secretion: ultrastructural analysis of an unexplored function of synoviocytes.

The intra- and extracellular distribution and relative density of lamellar bodies (LBs) were determined by electron microscopy in synovial biopsies from 20 non-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. LBs were found on the synovial surface, in intimal cells, throughout intimal matrix, in blood vessel walls, in endothelial cytoplasm and within vascular lumena. Lamellar profiles were observed in type B synoviocytes within rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), in association with the Golgi apparatus, and embedded in electron dense matrix (projection cores) in multivesicular bodies.