Adult Neurogenesis in the Subventricular Zone of Patients with Huntington's and Parkinson's Diseases and following Long-Term Treatment with Deep Brain Stimulation.

Objective: Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases are characterized by progressive neuronal loss. Previous studies using human postmortem tissues have shown the impact of neurodegenerative disorders on adult neurogenesis. The extent to which adult neural stem cells are activated in the subventricular zone and whether therapeutic treatments such as deep brain stimulation promote adult neurogenesis remains unclear.

Perioperative aspirin and coronary artery bypass graft surgery: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The decision to continue aspirin before elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery remains contentious because of competing thrombotic and bleeding risks. We performed a contemporary systematic review and meta-analysis to compare outcomes between patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting who stopped and continued aspirin before surgery.

Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL databases were searched from inception to 4 October 2023 for randomized controlled trials comparing patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting who continued preoperative aspirin with those who discontinued before surgery.

Environmental impact of large language models in medicine.

The environmental impact of large language models (LLMs) in medicine spans carbon emission, water consumption and rare mineral usage. Prior-generation LLMs, such as GPT-3, already have concerning environmental impacts. Next-generation LLMs, such as GPT-4, are more energy intensive and used frequently, posing potentially significant environmental harms.

Greater need but reduced access: a population study of planned and elective surgery rates in adult mental health service users.

Aims: Timely access to surgery is an essential part of healthcare. People living with mental health (MH) conditions may have higher rates of chronic illness requiring surgical care but also face barriers to care. There is limited evidence about whether unequal surgical access contributes to health inequalities in this group.

Avian influenza A(H5) virus circulation in live bird markets in Vietnam, 2017-2022.

Background: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) human infections are a global concern, with many A(H5) human cases detected in Vietnam, including a case in October 2022. Using avian influenza virus surveillance from March 2017-September 2022, we described the percent of pooled samples that were positive for avian influenza A, A(H5), A(H5N1), A(H5N6), and A(H5N8) viruses in live bird markets (LBMs) in Vietnam.

Methods: Monthly at each LBM, 30 poultry oropharyngeal swab specimens and five environmental samples were collected.