Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for inherited breast cancer: first clinical application and live birth in Spain.

Carriers of a mutation in BRCA1/2 genes confront a high lifetime risk of breast and ovarian cancer and fifty percent probability of passing the mutation to their offspring. Current options for risk management influence childbearing decisions. The indications for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) have now been expanded to include predisposition for single-gene, late-onset cancer but few cases have been reported to date despite the favorable opinion among professionals and carriers.

Critical evaluation of the present experience on microsurgical sperm aspiration.

Microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) and IVF techniques are indicated in those cases of bilateral congenital absence of the vas deferens (BCAVD) and in cases of epididymal obstruction (EO) of other aetiologies were vasoepididymostomy is not possible or has failed. Microsurgical deferential sperm aspiration (MDSA) is indicated in those cases where spermatogenesis and epididymal permeability are conserved but spermatozoa, for different causes, cannot reach the ejaculate and other therapies have failed. We have performed this procedure in 70 patients by two different human reproduction teams.

Fertility and histology after rabbit ovarian wedge resection with CO2 laser or electrocautery using posterior reconstruction with nylon or polyglactin sutures.

In an experimental study in rabbits, the CO2 laser and electrocautery were compared in performing microsurgical ovarian wedge resection; polyglactin and nylon sutures were compared for ovarian reconstruction. Histologic reaction, adhesion formation, and functional parameters (number of corpora lutea, number of pregnancies, nidation index) were evaluated 30 and 90 days postoperatively. Thirty days after surgery, the tissue inflammatory response was very similar in the four groups; fibrosis was not detected.