Comparative review of algorithms and methods for chemical-shift-encoded quantitative fat-water imaging.

Purpose: To propose a standardized comparison between state-of-the-art open-source fat-water separation algorithms for proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and quantification using an open-source multi-language toolbox.

Methods: Eight recent open-source fat-water separation algorithms were compared in silico, in vitro, and in vivo. Multi-echo data were synthesized with varying fat-fractions, B off-resonance, SNR and TEs.

Combining sodium MRI, proton MR spectroscopic imaging, and intracerebral EEG in epilepsy.

Whole brain ionic and metabolic imaging has potential as a powerful tool for the characterization of brain diseases. We combined sodium MRI ( Na MRI) and H-MR Spectroscopic Imaging ( H-MRSI), assessing changes within epileptogenic networks in comparison with electrophysiologically normal networks as defined by stereotactic EEG (SEEG) recordings analysis. We applied a multi-echo density adapted 3D projection reconstruction pulse sequence at 7 T ( Na-MRI) and a 3D echo-planar spectroscopic imaging sequence at 3 T ( H-MRSI) in 19 patients suffering from drug-resistant focal epilepsy who underwent presurgical SEEG.

Grey-matter sodium concentration as an individual marker of multiple sclerosis severity.

Objective: Quantification of brain injury in patients with variable disability despite similar disease duration may be relevant to identify the mechanisms underlying disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to compare grey-matter sodium abnormalities (GMSAs), a parameter reflecting neuronal and astrocyte dysfunction, in MS patients with benign multiple sclerosis (BMS) and non-benign multiple sclerosis (NBMS).

Methods: We identified never-treated BMS patients in our local MS database of 1352 patients.

Respiratory-triggered quantitative MR spectroscopy of the human cervical spinal cord at 7 T.

Purpose: Ultra-high field H MR spectroscopy (MRS) is of great interest to help characterizing human spinal cord pathologies. However, very few studies have been reported so far in this small size structure at these fields due to challenging experimental difficulties caused by static and radiofrequency field heterogeneities, as well as physiological motion. In this work, in line with the recent developments proposed to strengthen spinal cord MRS feasibility at 7 T, a respiratory-triggered acquisition approach was optimized to compensate for dynamic B field heterogeneities and to provide robust cervical spinal cord MRS data.