Ultrasound during surgery of the carotid artery.

Operative ultrasonography is very useful in carotid artery surgery--First to show before the reconstruction the site, the degree and the shape of the lesions--second after the reconstruction to appreciate its quality. In our 26 cases, reintervention was performed in five cases but only 3 have had a second reconstruction. Sensitivity of this method is very high, and this must be taken into consideration before any repeat surgery.

[Peroperative ultrasonics in excision of renal and ureteral calculi by the surgical approach. Apropos of 30 cases].

Ultrasound imaging was conducted in 30 patients during operation for removal of renal and ureteral stones, in most cases after contact radiography with small sterile films, and in all cases before opening the renal pelvis to avoid penetration of an air bubble into the intrarenal excretory tract. Each bubble may, because of its weak acoustic impedance, provoke total reflection of the waves simulating the image of a stone. Ultrasound provides data on cortical projection of calculi, the thickness of the parenchyma and the echoless avascular zones.