Inflammatory cytokine responses in pediatric tuberculosis with or without SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity.

Objectives: To characterize the inflammatory cytokine profiles in children with TB in the presence and absence of SARS-CoV2 seropositivity.

Methods: This study evaluated cytokine responses in two groups of children with TB: CoV2+ (TB and SARS-CoV2 seropositive) and CoV2- (TB and SARS-CoV2 seronegative). Each group had 30 children, and cytokine levels were measured at baseline, months 3 and 6.

Clinical Profile of Children with Adenovirus Infection - A Hospital-based Observational Study.

Objective: To describe the clinical profile and determine the factors affecting mortality of children admitted with adenovirus infection in a tertiary care centre in South India.

Methods: In this observational study, respiratory specimens (nasopharyngeal swab / endotracheal aspirate) were collected from all hospitalized pediatric patients presenting with fever, cough, breathlessness, gastrointestinal symptoms, unexplained encephalopathy or multisystem involvement, between February 2023 and August 2023. Infection with adenovirus was determined by viral pathogen panel based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.

Contemporary Management of the Failing Fontan.

Adult patients with congenital heart disease have now surpassed the pediatric population due to advances in surgery and improved survival. One such complex congenital heart disease seen in adult patients is the Fontan circulation. These patients have complex physiology and are at risk for several complications, including thrombosis of the Fontan pathway, pulmonary vascular disease, heart failure, atrial arrhythmias, atrioventricular valve regurgitation, and protein-losing enteropathy.

Diastolic Heart Failure Mechanisms and Assessment Revisited.

The syndrome of heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) makes up about half of the HF population. The HF mechanisms in these patients are varied and not fully understood. In addition, the term "diastolic HF" was switched to HFpEF because of difficulties in measuring the left ventricular (LV) diastolic performance.

A case report of recurrent primary posterior mediastinal perivascular epithelioid cell tumour compressing the right inferior pulmonary vein, atria, and inferior vena cava.

Background: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumours (PEComas) are rare soft tissue neoplasms that commonly occur in the uterus, skin, and liver and less commonly in the retroperitoneum, colon, and mediastinum.

Case Summary: A 36-year-old male patient with a history of mediastinal PEComa status post resection, essential hypertension, and atrial fibrillation status post appendage ligation currently not on anticoagulation presented with a 1-week history of fevers, chills, productive cough, chest pain, dyspnoea on exertion, loss of appetite, and general weakness. Vital signs, physical exam, laboratory data, electrocardiogram, and chest radiograph were grossly unremarkable.