[Biliary sludge: pathogenesis, etiology and drug therapy].

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) for the treatment of biliary sludge (BS) and to compare the therapeutic effectiveness of the German substance UDCA and generic drugs from other manufacturers.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 65 patients diagnosed with BS (K80.8).

[Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and biliary sludge in people with metabolic syndrome].

Aim: To determine the incidence of biliary sludge (BS) and to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Chophytol in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and BS in the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS).

Subjects And Methods: Clinical laboratory examination was made in 72 patients with NASH in the presence of MS. BS was identified in 52 (72.

[AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASES: CLINICAL FEATURES, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT. GUIDELINES WERE APPROVED BY THE XV GASTROENTEROLOGICAL SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY OF RUSSIA IN 2015].

The group of liver autoimmune diseases (LAD) includes autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) The guidelines on clinical diagnosis and management of patients based on a review and analysis of recent publications on this topic in the global and domestic literature and on the authors'experience in treating patients with autoimmune liver disease.

[NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE: DIAGNOSTIC, SYMPTOMS, TREATMENT. GUIDELINES WERE APPROVED BY THE XV GASTROENTEROLOGICAL SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY OF RUSSIA IN 2015].

According to the World Health Organization, it is recorded steady growth of the number of chronic liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), in recent years. As an independent nosological entity, NAFLD is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, associated with abdominal-visceral obesity, peripheral insulin resistance (IR), and is regarded as the hepatic component of Metabolic syndrome (MS). Nowadays there are no generally accepted national standards for diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD for physicians, gen- eral practitioners, gastroenterologists in Russia.

[The strategy for the surgical treatment of femoral fractures in polytrauma].

The review describes peculiarities of the choice of time and methods of osteosynthesis offemur fractures of different localization in patients with multiple injuries in accordance with modern concepts of treatment of severe multiple and associated lesions. Analysis of domestic and foreign literature shows that earlyfixation of the femur in case of polytrauma can reduce the mortality rate associated with complications and improve the functional outcome. Terms of osteosynthesis of the femur in polytrauma should be chosen taking into account the severity of the injury, the patient's condition, and the period of traumatic disease.