Estonian hip fracture data from 2009 to 2017: high rates of non-operative management and high 1-year mortality.

Background and purpose - There are no national guidelines for treatment of hip fractures in Estonia and no studies on management. We assessed treatment methods and mortality rates for hip fracture patients in Estonia. Patients and methods - We studied a population-based retrospective cohort using validated data from the Estonian Health Insurance Fund's database.

[Clinical and Laboratory Predictors for Forecasting the Outcomes of Ixodes Tick-Borne Borreliosis].

Objective: Our aim was to identify the most informative clinical and laboratory predictors of chronicity of Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis in the acute phase of the disease based on the "optimal cut-off values" (COV) and the predicted probability of the outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort controlled study was carried out. We used the technique of ROC-analysis to estimate the information content of the clinical and laboratory indicators in patients with Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis in the acute phase of the disease with erythemal (n =16), non-erythemal (n = 77) forms of Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis and co-infection with the tick-borne encephalitis (n = 68) for the prediction of the outcomes: recovery or chronization.

[Mechanisms of immune and cytokine regulation in pathogenesis of ixodes tick-borne borreliosis].

Background: Our aim was to identify the mechanisms of immune and cytokine regulation in different clinical forms of Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis.

Methods: The clinical observations performed on 581 patients with erythemic (113 patients), non-eritemic (242 patients) forms of Ixodes tick- borne borreliosis and Borrelia co-infection tick-borne encephalitis (226 patients) in the manifestation of the disease. The examination included the determination of the levels of cytokines (interleukin 1β, 4, 8, and tumor necrosis factor α), indicators of cell immunity (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) and phagocytosis (phagocytic index, the number of phagocytic neutrophils) during the height of the disease and during convalescence.

The patellar shift index: a reliable and valid measure for patellofemoral congruence following total knee arthroplasty with unresurfaced patella.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a new radiographic measure, the patellar shift index (PSI), for the precise estimation of patellar position relative to the trochlea after a total knee replacement with an unresurfaced patella.

Methods: This study included radiographs of 51 patients suffering from anterior knee pain following total knee arthroplasty. Patellofemoral axial radiographs were analyzed to compare the reliability of the PSI to the classical measures of patellofemoral congruence, the lateral patellar tilt (LPT) and patellar displacement (PD).

[Effects of immunotropic therapy on the structure of system-forming indices in patients with urgent surgical pathology].

An investigation of system-forming indices of severity of the state and intoxication in 276 patients with urgent surgical pathology depending on using immunotropic medicines has revealed differences in the significance of factors of system-forming indices and functional load on the inflammation mechanisms depending on the inclusion of immunotropic medicines in the complex treatment.