Simple method for evaluating cardiac output.

This study compared the accuracy of a formula calculating cardiac output utilizing a patient size modification of a pulse pressure formula of Starr with that measured with a standard thermal dilution technique. During a six-month period 111 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) on the cardiothoracic and vascular surgical services had comparison of their cardiac output by these two methods. The basic formula of Starr for stroke volume was converted to a stroke volume index by dividing by 1.

A rapid hemodynamic monitor of acute ischemia during cardiac procedures: changes in relaxation via a continuous left ventricular pressure-derivative loop.

Background: Procedures that induce ischemic pre-conditioning during cardiac surgery will require a rapidly visualized hemodynamic monitor of acute ischemia. This study investigated the utility of a continuous loop tracing of left ventricular pressure (LVP) plotted against its derivative (dP/dt) as a visual beat-to-beat monitor of acute changes in myocardial relaxation due to global ischemia.

Materials And Methods: In 11 dogs, LVP, recorded via a micromanometer-tip catheter, was plotted against dP/dt as a continuous loop.

Gamma-guided diagnostic peritoneal lavage for detection of bowel perforation.

Hypothesis: Bowel perforation can be diagnosed by detection of orally administered technetium Tc 99m sulfur colloid ((99m)Tc SC) in diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) fluid using a handheld gamma-detection probe.

Design: A canine intestinal-injury model was used to test the hypothesis. The (99m)Tc SC (55.

Detection and assignment of CYP21 mutations using peptide mass signature genotyping.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a common inborn error of steroidogenesis. The clinical spectrum of CAH ranges from the severe classical form, which can be fatal in the newborn, to simple virilizing forms or a milder non-classical form which is often not diagnosed until puberty. Recessive mutations in the autosomal gene encoding 21-hydroxylase (CYP21) are responsible for approximately 95% of CAH cases.

Carbon dioxide field flooding minimizes residual intracardiac air after open heart operations.

Transesophageal echocardiographic studies were used to monitor the presence of air bubbles in the heart after open heart operations. After cardiac valvular procedures all 22 patients managed with careful deairing procedures had persistence of air bubbles for at least 30 minutes and usually for 45 minutes. In 56 patients with CO2 field flooding, all foam disappeared in less than 1 minute in 48 patients and the remaining 8 had complete disappearance in 1 to 24 minutes.