Serum and CSF levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a marker of brain injury?

We investigated whether neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflects subtle or manifest brain injury in children undergoing cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). NSE was measured in serum (s-NSE) before, and up to, 102 h after surgery in 27 children undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB. In 11 children, CSF-NSE was also measured 48 or 66 h post-surgery.

Successful treatment of invasive aspergillosis in chronic granulomatous disease by bone marrow transplantation, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized granulocytes, and liposomal amphotericin-B.

X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency with complete absence or malfunction of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in the phagocytic cells. Life-threatening infections especially with aspergillus are common despite optimal antimicrobial therapy. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is contraindicated during invasive aspergillosis in any disease setting.

Early vitamin K deficiency bleeding after maternal phenobarbital intake: management of massive intracranial haemorrhage by minimal surgical intervention.

Unlabelled: Vitamin K deficiency bleeding within the first 24 h of life is caused in most cases by maternal drug intake (e.g. coumarins, anticonvulsants, tuberculostatics) during pregnancy.

Blockade of acute grade IV skin and eye graft-versus-host disease by anti-interleukin-2 receptor monoclonal antibody in genoidentical bone marrow transplantation setting.

A six-year-old boy with homozygous beta-thalassemia in the favorable class 1 risk group received a bone marrow transplant, from his histocompatible sister. He developed grade IV skin and eye graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following varicella zoster reactivation. Despite the appropriate prophylactic use of cyclosporin A (CsA), methotrexate (MTX), and prompt treatment with high-dose steroids, GVHD progressed resulting in total body epidermal necrolysis.