Diagnostic characteristics of pediatric cyclic vomiting syndrome.

Objectives: Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) remains a diagnostic challenge due to its nonspecific presentation despite consensus-based diagnostic criteria. There is a need for improved, evidence-based diagnostic criteria. We hypothesized that symptoms differ quantitatively between children with CVS versus other vomiting conditions and that current diagnostic criteria are not sufficiently sensitive for diagnosing CVS.

Using an electronic patient reported outcome measure (ePAQ-MPH) to assess potential harm for long-waiting patients in gynaecology.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, outpatient waits for gynaecology appointments increased by 60% in the UK National Health Service (NHS). The aim of this study was to use the electronic Personal Assessment Questionnaire-Menstrual, Pain and Hormonal (ePAQ-MPH) electronic patient reported outcome measure (ePROM) to assess symptoms, impact and potential harm for patients waiting > 60 weeks for general gynaecology appointments at a teaching hospital.

Methods: 1070 patients waiting > 60 weeks for a new appointment (range 60-72 weeks) were invited to complete ePAQ-MPH online to measure gynaecological symptoms and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL).

Variants Are Associated with Atrial Dysfunction in Neonates with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.

: variants are the most well-known genetic risk factor (10%) for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and are associated with decreased cardiac transplant-free survival. encodes for α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC), a contractile protein expressed in the neonatal atria. We therefore assessed atrial function in HLHS patients with variants.

Cortical norepinephrine-astrocyte signaling critically mediates learned behavior.

Updating behavior based on feedback from the environment is a crucial means by which organisms learn and develop optimal behavioral strategies. Norepinephrine (NE) release from the locus coeruleus (LC) has been shown to mediate learned behaviors such that in a task with graded stimulus uncertainty and performance, a high level of NE released after an unexpected outcome causes improvement in subsequent behavior. Yet, how the transient activity of LC-NE neurons, lasting tens of milliseconds, influences behavior several seconds later, is unclear.