Comparing coal phase-out pathways: The United Kingdom's and Germany's diverging transitions.

Political decisions and trends regarding coal use for electricity generation developed differently in the UK and Germany, despite being subject to relatively similar climate protection targets and general political and economic conditions. The UK agreed on a coal phase-out by 2024. In Germany, a law schedules a coal phase-out by 2038 at the latest.

NRASQ61R Mutation-specific Immunohistochemistry Also Identifies the HRASQ61R Mutation in Medullary Thyroid Cancer and May Have a Role in Triaging Genetic Testing for MEN2.

A quarter of patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) have germline mutations in the RET proto-oncogene indicating MEN2. Therefore genetic testing is recommended for all patients presenting with MTC. Approximately 40% of MTCs have somatic RET mutations.

USP6 gene rearrangement in nodular fasciitis and histological mimics.

Aims: Nodular fasciitis is known to be a benign mimic of sarcoma, both clinically and histologically. Accurate diagnosis, particularly on small biopsies, remains a challenge, as the morphology can be varied and the immunophenotype is essentially non-specific. Recently, rearrangement of the ubiquitin-specific protease 6 (USP6) gene has been reported as a recurrent and specific finding in nodular fasciitis.

NRASQ61R Mutation-specific Immunohistochemistry is Highly Specific for Either NRASQ61R or KRASQ61R Mutation in Colorectal Carcinoma.

Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapy is only indicated in RAS wild-type colorectal carcinomas (CRCs). It is recommended that both NRAS and KRAS mutation testing to be performed before a CRC is considered RAS wild-type. Given that mutation-specific immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been shown to be sensitive and specific for the detection of NRAS mutations in melanoma, we assessed the specificity of NRAS mutation-specific IHC in CRC.