Nozzle Innovations That Improve Capacity and Capabilities of Multimaterial Additive Manufacturing.

Multimaterial additive manufacturing incorporates multiple species within a single 3D-printed object to enhance its material properties and functionality. This technology could play a key role in distributed manufacturing. However, conventional layer-by-layer construction methods must operate at low volumetric throughputs to maintain fine feature resolution.

Heterogeneity-induced retraction in viscoelastic fluids following cessation of flow.

Complex fluids including colloidal suspensions, microgels, and entangled wormlike micelles (WLMs) can develop heterogeneous flow regions under imposed steady shear. In some of these systems, the evolution to this flow state from rest is accompanied by flow reversal - when a portion of the fluid moves opposite to the imposed flow direction. Flow reversal was proposed to occur in shear startup when (1) the fluid has significant elasticity, and (2) the flow becomes heterogeneous immediately following the stress overshoot [McCauley , , 2023, , 661-681].

Biomathematical modeling of fatigue due to sleep inertia.

Biomathematical models of fatigue capture the physiology of sleep/wake regulation and circadian rhythmicity to predict changes in neurobehavioral functioning over time. We used a biomathematical model of fatigue linked to the adenosinergic neuromodulator/receptor system in the brain as a framework to predict sleep inertia, that is, the transient neurobehavioral impairment experienced immediately after awakening. Based on evidence of an adenosinergic basis for sleep inertia, we expanded the biomathematical model with novel differential equations to predict the propensity for sleep inertia during sleep and its manifestation after awakening.

Perceptions of bias in HIV prevention services, happiness with social support, and anticipated PrEP stigma among Black and Latine/x sexual and gender diverse individuals.

Although pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective preventive treatment for HIV, anticipated PrEP stigma can hinder uptake. Perceptions of bias in HIV prevention and evaluations (e.g.