How multidrug resistance in typhoid fever affects treatment options.

Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S. Typhi) is an enteric pathogen that causes typhoid fever. The infection can be severe, with significant morbidity and mortality, requiring antimicrobial therapy.

Molecular typing and resistance analysis of travel-associated Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi.

Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi is a human pathogen causing 12 to 30% mortality and requiring antibiotic therapy to control the severity of the infection. Typhoid fever in United States is often associated with foreign travel to areas of endemicity. Increasing resistance to multiple drugs, including quinolones, is associated with decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (DCS).

Procurement of spore-free Bacillus anthracis for molecular typing outside of BSL3 environment.

Aims: To (i) develop a protocol that would eliminate or greatly reduce sporulation within Bacillus anthracis vegetative cells, and (ii) harvest an adequate number of cells and sufficient DNA suitable for molecular methods including Riboprint analysis and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Methods And Results: Seven strains of B. anthracis (Ames, French B2, Heluky, Kruger, Pasteur, Sterne, and Vollum) were grown at 37, 42 and 45 degrees C under normal air, enhanced CO(2), microaerophilic, and anaerobic conditions on solid media and subcultured in two broths with and without supplements.

Improvement of a selective media for the isolation of B. anthracis from soils.

To prove linkage between an environmental sample and an anthrax case, there must be isolates obtained from both that can be compared. Although Bacillus anthracis is easily isolated from powder samples, isolating it from soil is difficult because of the high bacterial count in it. Formulations of PLET were prepared, inoculated with B.

An accelerated method for isolation of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium from artificially contaminated foods, using a short preenrichment, immunomagnetic separation, and xylose-lysine-desoxycholate agar (6IX method).

Rapid isolation of Salmonella from food is essential for faster typing and source tracking in an outbreak. The objective of this study was to investigate a rapid isolation method that would augment the standard U.S.