Peritonitis after exposure to biocontrol-agent fumes containing Talaromyces flavus: a case report in peritoneal dialysis patient.

Background: The first case of Taralomyces flavus infection in human and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patient after exposure to biocontrol agent fumes is reported here.

Case Presentation: A 77-year-old Thai female farmer with kidney failure presented with peritonitis and PD catheter obstruction from fungal biofilms. The potential root cause of infection was associated with exposure to biocontrol-agent fumes containing pathogen during agricultural work in her garden.

Randomized, controlled, double-blind trial of daily oral azithromycin in adults for the prophylaxis of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Western Thailand.

We assessed the prophylactic efficacy of azithromycin (250 mg/day) against malaria in 276 adults in western Thailand in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. After antimalarial suppressive treatment, volunteers were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to either the azithromycin or placebo, respectively. Study medication was given for an average of 74 days.

Plasmodium falciparum antimalarial drug susceptibility on the north-western border of Thailand during five years of extensive use of artesunate-mefloquine.

Following a marked decline in the efficacy in vivo of mefloquine between 1990 and 1994, a combination of artesunate (4 mg/kg/d for 3 d) and mefloquine (25 mg/kg) has been used as first line treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in camps for displaced persons located along the north-western border of Thailand. Antimalarial drug susceptibility of fresh isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from this population was evaluated using a radioisotope microdilution assay between 1995 and 1999. In total, 268 isolates were collected, of which 189 were from primary infections and 79 from recrudescent infections.

In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to artesunate in Thailand.

Reported are the in vitro susceptibilities of Plasmodium falciparum to artesunate, mefloquine, quinine and chloroquine of 86 isolates and to dihydroartemisinin of 45 isolates collected from areas of high resistance to mefloquine within Thailand near the borders with Myanmar and Cambodia, and from southern Thailand where P. falciparum is generally still sensitive to mefloquine. All the isolates were highly sensitive to artesunate, but the geometric mean IC50S were higher in isolates from the Thai-Myanmar and Thai-Cambodian borders than in those from southern Thailand.

In vitro susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Vietnam to artemisinin derivatives and other antimalarials.

We performed in vitro drug susceptibility assays of ten Plasmodium falciparum isolates collected from Vict Nam in 1995. All isolates were found to be highly sensitive to artesunate, dihydro-artemisinin and artemisinin. They were also sensitive to quinine.