[Risk factors and prevention strategies for periprosthetic femoral fractures in hip arthroplasty].

Background: Periprosthetic fractures represent a major complication following joint replacement surgery, particularly total hip arthroplasty (THA). Due to demographic changes, a rising number of THAs is expected to lead to an increase in periprosthetic femoral fractures (PPF) in the coming decades. Despite the resulting high clinical relevance, there is as yet no comprehensive overview of risk factors and possible preventive approaches to PPF.

Potential of dual-skinned, high-flux membranes to reduce backtransport in hemodialysis.

Background: Potential backfiltration of cytokine-inducing material is a clinical concern during hemodialysis conducted with high-flux membranes. Novel hollow-fiber membranes were developed that had asymmetric convective solute transport properties, aimed at reducing the passage of potentially harmful molecules from dialysate to blood, while maintaining the desired fluid and solute movement from blood to dialysate.

Methods: Sieving coefficient as a function of molecular weight was measured in vitro using polydisperse dextrans.

Equilibrium adsorption of LDL and gold immunoconjugates to affinity membranes containing PEG spacers.

The objective of this study was to provide insight into the effects of spacer chemistry on immunoaffinity separations for the capture of large macromolecules and biological complexes. Immunoaffinity membranes were prepared by immobilization of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to flat sheet microporous membranes. Two different systems were examined: immobilized IgG for the immunoadsorption of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and immobilized IgG for the immunoadsorption of gold particle immunoconjugate.

In vitro characterization of a membrane-based low-density lipoprotein affinity adsorption device.

The objective of this study was to explore the use of microporous membranes as an alternative substrate to porous beads in affinity adsorption of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) for therapeutic purposes. Flat sheet immunoaffinity membranes containing a polyclonal antibody preparation were utilized as the affinity substrate. The antibody was covalently immobilized to the surface through a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) spacer.