Anti-Müllerian Hormone Level Decline in Patients Undergoing Hysterectomy With and Without Oophorectomy Compared With Natural Menopause.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between hysterectomy with and without ovarian conservation and the onset of ovarian failure using anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and imputed final menstrual period (FMP).

Methods: A total of 1,428 women with an observed FMP and 232 women who underwent hysterectomy (159 with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy [BSO], 13 with one ovary conserved, and 60 with both ovaries conserved) and who had serial AMH measurements were included from SWAN (The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation), a multi-ethnic, multi-site, community-based study. Anti-müllerian hormone levels were sampled annually with at least one presurgery or pre-FMP measurement at least one postsurgery or post-FMP measurement.

Determination of Half-lives of Circulating FSH and LH Glycoforms in Women During GnRH Receptor Blockade.

Context: Both FSH and LH circulate as 2 glycoforms, differing in number of glycans: low-N-glycosylated glycoforms, FSHtri and LHdi, and fully N-glycosylated glycoforms, FSHtetra and LHtri.

Objectives: To determine the half-lives of endogenous circulating gonadotropin glycoforms in women during GnRH receptor blockade.

Design/participants: Serum samples were collected in 8 healthy women before and up to 20 hours after administration of the NAL-GLU GnRH antagonist.

Anti-Mullerian Hormone as Predictor of Future and Ongoing Bone Loss During the Menopause Transition.

The menopause transition in women is a period of significant bone loss, with rapid declines in bone mineral density (BMD) commencing a year before the final menstrual period (FMP). Changes in menstrual bleeding patterns cannot reliably tell us if this rapid bone loss has begun or is imminent. We hypothesized that low circulating levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), which decline as women approach the FMP, would be associated with future and ongoing rapid bone loss.

Ovarian Cancer Risk in Relation to Blood Cholesterol and Triglycerides.

Background: The association between circulating cholesterol and triglyceride levels and ovarian cancer risk remains unclear.

Methods: We prospectively evaluated the association between cholesterol [total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C)] and triglycerides and ovarian cancer incidence in a case-control study nested in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII cohorts and a longitudinal analysis in the UK Biobank.

Results: A total of 290 epithelial ovarian cancer cases in the NHS/NHSII and 551 cases in UK Biobank were diagnosed after blood collection.

Prolactin and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Prolactin is synthesized in the ovaries and may play a role in ovarian cancer etiology. One prior prospective study observed a suggestive positive association between prolactin levels and risk of ovarian cancer.

Methods: We conducted a pooled case-control study of 703 cases and 864 matched controls nested within five prospective cohorts.