Differential effects of orally versus parenterally administered qinghaosu derivative artemether in dogs.

Artemether (AM) is an antimalarial drug derived from artemisinin (Qinghaosu), an extract of the herb Artemisia annua L., sweet wormwood. Its antiparasitic effect is that of a schizontocide and is explained by rapid uptake by parasitized erythrocytes and interaction with a component of hemoglobin degradation resulting in formation of free radicals.

Positioning, labelling, and medical information control of co-artemether tablets (CPG 56697): a fixed novel combination of artemether and benflumetol. Novartis Co-Artemether International Development Team.

Coartemether is a fixed 1:6 ratio of artemether and lumefantrine (benflumetol), a joint development between Novartis Pharma and the Academy of Military Medical Sciences (Beijing, China). It is well tolerated and has a high efficacy against uncomplicated and drug resistant falciparum malaria by oral administration. The preclinical profile of coartemether revealed no prohibitive toxicological, teratogenic or mutagenic findings.

Oxalate nephrosis in Macaca fascicularis.

Crystals within the renal proximal convoluted tubules of several cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fasciculata) were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy together with histochemistry and X-ray microanalysis techniques. The crystals were shown to have the physical structure and staining characteristics of calcium oxalate monohydrate. The incidence varied between different batches of animals and no definite cause was established.

[Acute muramyl dipeptide-induced arthritis in the baboon Papio cynocephalus].

Daily subcutaneous injections of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) for 14 days into yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) caused polyarthritis with a prolific fibrinous exudate, but slight synovial lymphocytosis. In contrast, a single injection of bovine serum albumin (BSA) induced only a low-grade synovitis of the ipsilateral knee. When the schedules were combined the histological features suggested an additive effect between the reactions to BSA and to MDP.

Naturally occurring lesions in some endocrine glands of laboratory maintained baboons (Papio sp.).

The pituitary gland was examined from 623 immature baboons (Papio cynocephalus and Papio anubis). Findings included microscopic cysts in the pars distalis (132), pars intermedia (two) and pars nervosa (one). In 641 necropsies five cases of unilateral thyroid glands were noted.