Age-Related Decline in Pancreas Regeneration Is Associated With an Increased Proinflammatory Response to Injury.

Background And Aims: The regenerative capacity of the pancreas diminishes with age. Understanding acinar cell responses to injury and the resolution of regenerative processes is crucial for tissue homeostasis. However, knowledge about the impact of aging on these processes remains limited.

TGF-β modulates cell fate in human ES cell-derived foregut endoderm by inhibiting Wnt and BMP signaling.

Genetic differences between pluripotent stem cell lines cause variable activity of extracellular signaling pathways, limiting reproducibility of directed differentiation protocols. Here we used human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to interrogate how exogenous factors modulate endogenous signaling events during specification of foregut endoderm lineages. We find that transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) activates a putative human OTX2/LHX1 gene regulatory network which promotes anterior fate by antagonizing endogenous Wnt signaling.

Differential use of the Nkx2.2 NK2 domain in developing pancreatic islets and neurons.

The homeodomain transcription factor (TF) Nkx2.2 governs crucial cell fate decisions in several developing organs, including the central nervous system (CNS), pancreas, and intestine. How Nkx2.

Jag1-Notch cis-interaction determines cell fate segregation in pancreatic development.

The Notch ligands Jag1 and Dll1 guide differentiation of multipotent pancreatic progenitor cells (MPCs) into unipotent pro-acinar cells (PACs) and bipotent duct/endocrine progenitors (BPs). Ligand-mediated trans-activation of Notch receptors induces oscillating expression of the transcription factor Hes1, while ligand-receptor cis-interaction indirectly represses Hes1 activation. Despite Dll1 and Jag1 both displaying cis- and trans-interactions, the two mutants have different phenotypes for reasons not fully understood.

Effectiveness of "Reducing Disability in Alzheimer's Disease" Among Dyads With Moderate Dementia.

Replications of evidence-based dementia care receiver-caregiver dyad interventions in the community are scarce. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Kansas City implementation of Reducing Disability in Alzheimer's Disease (RDAD) among a convenience sample of dyads with moderate dementia, which addressed needs identified by nine participating community agencies. We hypothesized that dyads' mental health and physical activity outcomes would improve from baseline to end-of-treatment.