Molecular characterization of U937-dependent T-cell co-stimulation.

U937 cells provide a co-stimulatory signal for CD3-mediated T-cell activation which is independent of the CD28/CD80/CD86 interaction. This study set out to identify which molecules contribute to this co-stimulatory activity. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to the known accessory molecules CD11a, CD18, CD54 and CD45, all inhibited T-cell proliferation.

Pharmacological adjuncts in the treatment of opioid and cocaine addicts.

Addiction consists of a complex neuropharmacologic behavioral cycle. The positive reinforcement of the drug and the negative reinforcement of withdrawal serve to drive the behavior of obtaining and ingesting the drug. The pharmacological adjuncts that are available today work by interfering with one or another part of the cycle.

A maniclike illness associated with right frontal arteriovenous malformation.

Secondary mania may be caused by metabolic derangements, intoxications, and/or structural lesions, as well as by epilepsy. The authors describe a maniclike illness in a 16-year-old girl in whom a right frontal arteriovenous malformation was discovered. The most effective medical therapy was a combination of lithium and carbamazepine.

Treatment of bulimia with nomifensine.

The authors treated 12 consecutive bulimic patients with nomifensine, a novel antidepressant recently approved for American use. Two patients developed fever, necessitating discontinuation of the drug. Of the other 10 patients, nine showed moderate or better improvement, with strikingly few side effects.