Drinking Goal Trajectories and Their Association with Client Characteristics and Outcomes among Clients in Outpatient Alcohol Treatment.

Background: Drinking goal preferences could change over time in alcohol treatment and during follow up.

Objectives: To examine the stability of drinking goals over time, types of drinking goal trajectory, and the associations between drinking goal trajectories and baseline client characteristics and treatment outcomes.

Methods: We performed secondary analysis of a dataset from a multicenter longitudinal study on the effectiveness of outpatient alcohol treatment (n = 543).

Drinking Goals and Their Association With Treatment Retention and Treatment Outcomes Among Clients in Outpatient Alcohol Treatment.

Background: Few studies have compared characteristics of clients entering alcohol treatment who differ in their drinking goal preferences or have investigated the relevance of drinking goals as a predictor of treatment outcomes.

Objectives: To investigate associations between baseline drinking goal preferences and client characteristics as well as treatment retention and outcomes among clients in outpatient alcohol treatment.

Methods: Secondary data analyses on a longitudinal multicenter study investigating the effectiveness of outpatient alcohol treatment in Switzerland among 805 clients.

Drinking episodes during abstinence-oriented inpatient treatment: dual perspectives of patients and therapists--a qualitative analysis.

Aims: Treatment programs are frequently confronted with the consumption of alcohol by patients during therapy. This is in conflict with the abstinence agreement upon admission, which is considered to be instrumental for positive treatment outcomes. This qualitative analysis aims, first, to identify the range of patients' causal attributions, addiction concepts and control strategies detected in the narratives of off-site consumption episodes and, secondly, to compare this inventory with the response of the therapists.

Augmented reality endoscopic system (ARES): preliminary results.

Objectives: During endoscopic surgery, it is difficult to ascertain the anatomical landmarks once the anatomy is fiddled with or if the operating area is filled with blood. An augmented reality system will enhance the endoscopic view and further enable surgeons to view hidden critical structures or the results of preoperative planning.

Method: The skull and endoscope are fixed with optical markers that are used as dynamic reference bases for tracking.

Pseudovacuoles--immobilized by high-pressure freezing--are associated with blebbing in walker carcinosarcoma cells.

By applying high pressure freezing and freeze-substitution, we observed large inclusions of homogeneous appearance in the front of locomoting Walker carcinosarcoma cells that have not been described earlier. Live cell imaging revealed that these inclusions were poor in lipids and nucleic acids but had a high lysine (and hence protein) content. Usually one such structure 2-5 mum in size was present at the front of motile Walker cells, predominantly in the immediate vicinity of newly forming blebs.