Chemotherapy-induced PDL-1 expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes chemoresistance in NSCLC.

Objectives: A cure for cancer is out of reach for most patients due to chemoresistance. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a vital role in cancer chemoresistance, but detailed understanding of the process particularly in chemoresistant lung cancer is lacking. In this study, we investigated programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL-1) as a potential biomarker for CAF-induced chemoresistance and evaluated its role and the underlying mechanisms of chemoresistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

"I Like People to Treat Me Normally": Barriers to Type 1 Diabetes Self-Management Among Adolescents.

Adolescents with type 1 diabetes face barriers that can have a negative influence on self-management behaviors. This study was an analysis of semi-structured interviews with adolescents, parents, and health care providers to better understand these barriers among adolescents in Jordan. Adolescents with type 1 diabetes reported individual-level barriers including feeling labeled, pitied, and stigmatized for having type 1 diabetes.

"It [Diabetes] is From God and I Need to Take Care of Myself": Type 1 Diabetes Self-Management Among Adolescents and Their Parents in Jordan.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is the most common endocrine condition among adolescents. Diabetes self-management can be challenging during adolescence.

Objective: The objective of this study is to understand how adolescents and their parents manage type 1 diabetes in Jordan.

Norm proximity and optimal social comparisons for energy conservation behavior.

Bottom-up solutions targeting individual energy conservation behaviors can play an important role in mitigating climate change and other environmental problems. Information interventions using social comparisons have proven generally effective at improving conservation behaviors, yet are largely suboptimal and sometimes fail when not adequately designed for their specific context. Environmental managers and policy makers need guidance on behavioral intervention design to maximize effectiveness.

Factors impacting on childhood nutrition: The experience of mothers in a rural Ghanaian community.

Despite globally recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, inadequate Child feeding remains a global challenge and the root cause of undernutrition. Most mothers who primarily feed children in most developing settings appear to have received information on the IYCF practices. We explored mothers' limitations to provide children optimally in a rural Ghanaian community.