Effects of orchiopexy on congenitally cryptorchid insulin-3 knockout mice.

Purpose: Insulin-3 (Insl3) knockout mice exhibit isolated, bilateral, high intra-abdominal cryptorchidism. If left in this position until adulthood, these testes will deteriorate to the Sertoli-cell-only state, leading to infertility in 100%. We examined the effect of orchiopexy in this genetically engineered animal model.

Standing cystourethrogram: an outcome measure after anti-incontinence procedures and cystocele repair in women.

Objectives: To evaluate the standing voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) with lateral views as an outcome measure to objectively document the correction of the urethral angle and cystocele in women who underwent various types of pelvic surgery.

Methods: A control group of 76 continent patients was selected who had VCUGs performed for indications other than incontinence. Patients with preoperative and postoperative VCUGs after anterior vaginal wall suspension for urethral hypermobility and grade 1 or 2 cystocele (UH group) or repair of grade 3 cystocele (C group) were selected and compared with age-matched controls from the control group.

Stimulating consciousness and cognition following severe brain injury: a new potential clinical use for lamotrigine.

No medications clearly enhance consciousness or cognition following severe brain injury. This series (n = 13) suggests that lamotrigine may stimulate improvement of patients with impairment equivalent to level I-III on the Rancho Los Amigos Cognitive Scale. After a serendiptious clinical result, severely brain injured patients who were taking an anticonvulsant had an opportunity to start lamotrigine.

Evaluation of renal resistive index, maximum velocity, and mean arterial flow velocity in a hydronephrotic partially obstructed pig model.

Rationale And Objectives: The authors investigate, in a controlled pig model, the usefulness of Doppler sonographic measurements of resistive index (RI), maximum velocity (Vmax), and mean velocity (Vmean) in diagnostic evaluation of the partially obstructed kidney.

Methods: Seven female pigs underwent surgical partial unilateral renal obstruction at the ureteropelvic junction. Doppler parameters of RI, Vmax, and Vmean were measured preoperatively and postoperatively in obstructed and contralateral nonobstructed kidneys.