According to NASA's plans, a human travel to the Moon is planned by the end of 2025 with the Artemis II mission, and humans should land on the Moon again in 2026. Exposure to space radiation is one of the main risks for the crew members; while for these short missions the doses from galactic cosmic rays would be relatively low, the possible occurrence of an intense solar particle event (SPE) represents a major concern, especially considering that in 2025 the Sun activity will be at its peak. Quantifying the amount and the effects of such exposure is therefore crucial, to identify shielding conditions that allow respecting the dose limits established by the various space agencies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe recently introduced calix[]naphth[]arenes as a novel class of deep-cavity hybrid macrocycles constituted by phenol (n) and naphthalene (m) units. In this study, we report the synthesis, conformational analysis, spectroscopic properties, and solid-state structures of calix[4]naphth[4]arene () and its permethylated analog (), thereby expanding the calix[]naphth[]arene family. was synthesized through a 2 + 2 fragment coupling macrocyclization under acidic conditions, where the solvent played a crucial role in selectively forming the derivative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFL. is a leguminous plant with seeds rich in nutritional compounds, such as polyphenols and L-dopa, a dopamine precursor and first-line treatment for Parkinson's symptoms. Recently, its by-products have been revalued as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe macrocyclization of 2,6-dialkoxynaphthalene monomers to prism[5]arenes is thermodynamically templated by DABCO cations. In this study, we demonstrate that a greater template affinity for prism[5]arene improves the macrocyclization yield. By using novel templating cations, the yield of alkoxy-prism[5]arenes increases significantly compared with those of previously reported procedures, while the purification process becomes easier and faster.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA water-soluble prism[5]arene host can form endo-cavity complexes with hydrophilic organic substances in water by displacing frustrated water molecules from its deep cavity. Water molecules structured at both rims of the prismarene host can mediate hydrogen bonding interactions with the guest. Water-mediated hydrogen bonding interactions were invoked here to elucidate the elevated binding affinities and selectivity of the prismarene host toward hydrophilic organic guests.
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