Murine gut microbiota dysbiosis via enteric infection modulates the foreign body response to a distal biomaterial implant.

Unlabelled: The gut microbiota influences systemic immunity and the function of distal tissues, including the brain, liver, skin, lung, and muscle. However, the role of the gut microbiota in the foreign body response (FBR) and fibrosis around medical implants is largely unexplored. To investigate this connection, we perturbed the homeostasis of the murine gut microbiota via enterotoxigenic (ETBF) infection and implanted the synthetic polymer polycaprolactone (PCL) into a distal muscle injury.

Prevalence and outcome of sarcopenia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a follow-up study.

Background/aims: Sarcopenia is implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) complications and surgical outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and follow-up of sarcopenia in patients with IBD.

Methods: Consecutive consenting patients with IBD aged > 18 years were included.

Association Between Blood Type and Mortality Among Severely Injured Patients Enrolled in the Pragmatic Randomized Optimal Platelet and Plasma Ratios Trial.

Introduction: Previous studies suggested that type O blood may be associated with increased mortality and/or thrombotic complications among trauma patients. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the relationship between endogenous blood type, mortality, and complications among patients receiving massive transfusions, using data from the Pragmatic Randomized Optimal Platelet and Plasma Ratios trial.

Materials And Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the Pragmatic Randomized Optimal Platelet and Plasma Ratios trial that included patients with the reported blood type (A, AB, B, or O) data.

Cohort profile: the potentially preventable burden of community-acquired pneumonia in South African adults in the era of widespread PCV13 immunisation and antiretroviral therapy roll-out, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic - the multicentre, multimethod PotPrev Study.

Purpose: In the setting of an established childhood pneumococcal vaccination programme with immediate initiation and treatment of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV (PLWH), the risk of adult pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is not recently described. We aimed to investigate CAP incidence, recurrence, mortality, risk factors and microbiology before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Participants: Adults aged ≥18 years were enrolled in three South African provinces from March 2019 to October 2021, with a brief halt during the initial COVID-19 lockdown.