Hippocampal avoidance prophylactic cranial irradiation (HA-PCI) for small cell lung cancer better preserves white matter networks compared to conventional PCI.

Background: Hippocampal avoidance during prophylactic cranial irradiation (HA-PCI) is proposed to reduce neurocognitive decline, while preserving the benefits of PCI. We evaluated whether (HA-)PCI induces changes in white matter (WM) microstructure and whether sparing the hippocampus has an impact on preserving brain network topology. Additionally, we evaluated associations between topological metrics with hippocampal volume and neuropsychological outcomes.

Image-guided patient-specific prediction of interstitial fluid flow and drug transport in solid tumors.

Tumor fluid dynamics and drug delivery simulations in solid tumors are highly relevant topics in clinical oncology. The current study introduces a novel method combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; including dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI), and a novel ex-vivo protocol to generate patient-specific models of solid tumors in four patients with peritoneal metastases. DCE-MRI data were analyzed using the extended Tofts model to estimate the spatial distribution of tumor capillary permeability using the K parameter.

The Influence of Anthropometric Factors on Renal mpMRI: Insights From Regional Analysis.

Background: Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) provides detailed insights into renal function, but the impact of anthropometric factors on renal imaging is not fully understood.

Purpose: To investigate regional correlations between mpMRI parameters and age, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA).

Study Type: Prospective, cross-sectional observational study.

Concentric-object and equiangular-object methods to perform standardized regional analysis in renal mpMRI.

Objective: Renal multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) sequences, including T-T mapping, Blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD), Renal blood flow (RBF), and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), provide insights into kidney function. However, consensus on selecting regions of interest (ROIs) is lacking. This study aims to describe and compare the Concentric Objects (CO) and Equiangular Objects (EO) methods for standardized ROI selection and assess their efficacy in capturing regional variations in renal MRI parameters.