Targeting mitochondrial metabolism by the mitotoxin bromoxib in leukemia and lymphoma cells.

Targeting mitochondrial metabolism represents a promising approach for cancer treatment. Here, we investigated the mitotoxic potential of the polybrominated diphenyl ether bromoxib, a natural compound isolated from the marine sponge Dysidea family. We could show that bromoxib comprised strong cytotoxicity in different leukemia and lymphoma cell lines (such as HL60, HPBALL, Jurkat, K562, KOPTK1, MOLT4, SUPB15 and Ramos), but also in solid tumor cell lines (such as glioblastoma cell lines SJ-GBM2 and TP365MG).

Aplospojaveedins A-C, unusual sulfur-containing alkaloids produced by the endophytic fungus using OSMAC strategy.

Three sulfur-containing alkaloids aplospojaveedins A-C (1-3) with a hitherto undescribed carbon skeleton comprising octahy-dronaphthalene, , -unsaturated lactam and glycine-cysteine moieties were isolated from . Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, HR-MS, X-ray diffraction analysis, DFT-NMR and TDDFT-ECD calculations. A plausible biosynthetic pathway and putative targets are described.

Combined inhibition of class 1-PI3K-alpha and delta isoforms causes senolysis by inducing p21 proteasomal degradation in senescent cells.

The targeted elimination of radio- or chemotherapy-induced senescent cells by so-called senolytic substances represents a promising approach to reduce tumor relapse as well as therapeutic side effects such as fibrosis. We screened an in-house library of 178 substances derived from marine sponges, endophytic fungi, and higher plants, and determined their senolytic activities towards DNA damage-induced senescent HCT116 colon carcinoma cells. The Pan-PI3K-inhibitor wortmannin and its clinical derivative, PX-866, were identified to act as senolytics.

Introducing bacterial community turnover times to elucidate temporal and spatial hotspots of biological instability in a large Austrian drinking water distribution network.

Ensuring biological stability in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) is important to reduce the risk of aesthetic, operational and hygienic impairments of the distributed water. Drinking water after treatment often changes in quality during transport due to interactions with pipe-associated biofilms, temperature increases and disinfectant residual decay leading to potential biological instability. To comprehensively assess the potential for biological instability in a large chlorinated DWDS, a tool-box of bacterial biomass and activity parameters was applied, introducing bacterial community turnover times (BaCTT) as a direct, sensitive and easy-to-interpret quantitative parameter based on the combination of H-leucine incorporation with bacterial biomass.

Caryophyllene-type sesquiterpenes from the endophytic fungus through an OSMAC approach.

Two new caryophyllene-type sesquiterpenes pestalotiopsins U and V ( and ) and three known compounds pestalotiopsin B (), pestaloporinate B (), and pestalotiopsin C () were isolated by the cultivation of the endophytic fungus on solid rice medium, while four additional new caryophyllene pestalotiopsins W-Z (-) were obtained when 3.5% NaI was added to the fungal culture medium. The structures of the new compounds were determined by HRESIMS and 1D/2D nuclear magnetic resonance data.