Urine Analysed by FTIR, Chemometrics and Machine Learning Methods in Determination Spectroscopy Marker of Prostate Cancer in Urine.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most commonly used marker of prostate cancer. However, nearly 25% of men with elevated PSA levels do not have cancer and nearly 20% of patients with prostate cancer have normal serum PSA levels. Therefore, in this study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was investigated as a new tool for detection of prostate cancer from urine.

Fourier transform InfraRed spectra analyzed by multivariate and machine learning methods in determination spectroscopy marker of prostate cancer in dried serum.

Prostate cancer represents the second most prevalent form of cancer in males globally. In the diagnosis of prostate cancer, the most commonly utilised biomarker is prostate-specific antigen (PSA). It is unfortunate that approximately 25 % of men with elevated PSA levels do not have cancer, and that approximately 20 % of patients with prostate cancer have normal serum PSA levels.

Unsustainable production patterns and disease emergence: The paradigmatic case of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1.

Current food production systems are causing severe environmental damage, including the emergence of dangerous pathogens that put humans and wildlife at risk. Several dangerous pathogens (e.g.