Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic and fluoride induces redox imbalance, inhibits the transsulfuration pathway, and alters glutamate receptor expression in the brain, resulting in memory impairment in adult male mouse offspring.

Exposure to toxic elements in drinking water, such as arsenic (As) and fluoride (F), starts at gestation and has been associated with memory and learning deficits in children. Studies in which rodents underwent mechanistic single exposure to As or F showed that the neurotoxic effects are associated with their capacity to disrupt redox balance, mainly by diminishing glutathione (GSH) levels, altering glutamate disposal, and altering glutamate receptor expression, which disrupts synaptic transmission. Elevated levels of As and F are common in groundwater worldwide.

Treatment of adult ALL patients with third-generation CD19-directed CAR T cells: results of a pivotal trial.

Background: Third-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells (CARTs) might improve clinical outcome of patients with B cell malignancies. This is the first report on a third-generation CART dose-escalating, phase-1/2 investigator-initiated trial treating adult patients with refractory and/or relapsed (r/r) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods: Thirteen patients were treated with escalating doses of CD19-directed CARTs between 1 × 10 and 50 × 10 CARTs/m.

Clonal hematopoiesis with and mutations impairs regeneration in autologous stem cell transplant recipients.

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is an age-related condition driven by stem and progenitor cells harboring recurrent mutations linked to myeloid neoplasms. Currently, potential effects on hematopoiesis, stem cell function and regenerative potential under stress conditions are unknown. We performed targeted DNA sequencing of 457 hematopoietic stem cell grafts collected for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in myeloma patients and correlated our findings with high-dimensional longitudinal clinical and laboratory data (26,510 data points for blood cell counts/serum values in 25 days around transplantation).

Excessive Production of Hydrogen Peroxide in Mitochondria Contributes to Atopic Dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex disease characterized by chronic recurring eczema and pruritus. In addition, patients with AD display increased cutaneous and systemic levels of oxidative damage markers, whose source remains elusive. In this study, we investigated oxidative and mitochondrial stress in AD epidermis.