Development and Prevention of Biofilm on Cochlear Implants: A Systematic Review.

Biofilm formation on cochlear implants (CIs) poses a major problem for surgeons, leading to a high incidence of explantation and revision surgery. Therefore, developing appropriate and cost-effective biofilm detection and prevention techniques is of the essence. In this systematic review, we sought to investigate the development of biofilm formation on CIs.

The European List of Key Medicines for Medical Education: A Modified Delphi Study.

Rational prescribing is essential for the quality of health care. However, many final-year medical students and junior doctors lack prescribing competence to perform this task. The availability of a list of medicines that a junior doctor working in Europe should be able to independently prescribe safely and effectively without supervision could support and harmonize teaching and training in clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) in Europe.

Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance and Multidrug Resistance Prevalence of Clinical Isolates in a Regional Hospital in Northern Greece.

Antimicrobial resistance is a global health threat resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. This retrospective study aimed to estimate antimicrobial susceptibility and multidrug resistance prevalence of clinical isolates in a regional hospital in Northern Greece during the last 6 years by analyzing the annual reports of the Laboratory of Microbiology. A total of 12,274 strains of certain bacteria were isolated from both hospitalized and ambulatory patients from biological products, mainly urine (range 63-78% during the study period).

The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent disease, associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, which can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in some patients. Apart from lifestyle modifications, which are the cornerstone for its management, several drugs are under evaluation, including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-R1RAs). In this review, we summarized major clinical data concerning the effects of GLP-1RAs on NAFLD, trying to highlight existing knowledge and to elucidate areas of uncertainty, thus providing clues to potential clinical implications and research.

laboratory infection research in orthopaedics: Why, when, and how.

The musculoskeletal system involves multiple tissues which are constantly exposed to being exposed to various biological and mechanical stimuli. As such, isolating and studying a particular system from a complex human clinical environment is not always a realistic expectation. On top of that, recruitment limitations, in addition to the nature of orthopaedic interventions and their associated cost, sometimes preclude consideration of human trials to answer a clinical question.