E-Cigarette Use and Depression Among American Indian Adults Who Smoke.

Objective: This study examined the association of e-cigarette use status and history of depression among American Indian (AI) adults who smoke.

Method: We conducted a secondary data analysis using survey data from 375 AI adult smokers collected in 2016 at a tribally operated healthcare facility in northeast Oklahoma. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association between e-cigarette use and self-reported history of depression while adjusting for potential confounders.

Navigating ethical and legal challenges in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study: Lessons learned from the ethics, law, policy working group.

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. The HBCD study has faced several ethical and legal challenges due to its goal of enrolling pregnant people (including those with substance use disorder) and their newborns. Challenges not fully anticipated at the outset emerged from the rapidly changing legal landscape around reproductive rights in the United States.

Use of Cognitive Interviews in the Development of a Survey Assessing American Indian and Alaska Native Adult Perspectives on Genetics and Biological Specimens.

The cognitive interview process is a method to validate a survey instrument's face validity and enhance confidence in item interpretation, as well as a method to engage communities in the research process. Trained American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) interviewers conducted retrospective cognitive interviews at three AIAN communities to assess the item quality of a 131-item survey item that measures AIAN knowledge and attitudes on genetics and biological specimens. A cognitive interview process was used to assess cultural consonance, thought processes used when considering survey instructions, items and responses, and language preference of survey items in the development of a survey to assess public knowledge and attitudes on genetics.

Responsive nanocellulose-PNIPAM millicapsules.

Hypothesis: Milli- and micro-capsules are developed to facilitate the controlled release of diverse active ingredients by passive diffusion or a triggered burst. As applications expand, capsules are required to be increasingly multi-functional, combining benefits like encapsulation, response, release, and even movement. Balancing the increasingly complex demands of capsules is a desire to minimize material usage, requiring efficient structural and chemical design.

"It frees your body from that pain thought": A mixed-methods exploration of patterns, contexts, and experiences of cannabis use for pain in rural communities.

U.S. adults increasingly report using cannabis to manage chronic pain and rural areas have inadequate comprehensive pain management.