Large-scale HFMD epidemics caused by Coxsackievirus A16 in Bangalore, India during 2013 and 2015.

Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a relatively unreported disease in India. This study was undertaken to characterize the enterovirus type/s associated with two unexpectedly-massive epidemics that occurred in Bangalore, India in 2013 and 2015. Stool samples of 229 children with HFMD living in Northern and Southern areas of Bangalore were tested by RT-PCR; 189 (82.

Non-polio enterovirus association with persistent diarrhea in children as revealed by a follow-up study of an Indian cohort during the first two years of life.

Background: We recently reported significant association of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) with acute diarrhea in children. Persistent diarrhea (PD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants below two years of age in developing countries. Understanding age-dependent frequency and duration of NPEV infections is important to determine their association with persistent diarrhea and disease burden.

Non-diarrhoeal increased frequency of bowel movements (IFoBM-ND): enterovirus association with the symptoms in children.

Objective: Infectious and non-infectious causes are associated with increased frequency of bowel movements (IFoBM). But, a viral aetiology to non-diarrhoeal IFoBM (IFoBM-ND) has not been described. Owing to an accidental infection by an echovirus 19 strain, persistent diarrhoea-associated virus, isolated from a child with persistent diarrhoea, DCR experienced persistent IFoBM-ND with an urgency to pass apparently normal stools more than once each day for about 3 months.

Non-polio enteroviruses and their association with acute diarrhea in children in India.

A causative agent in approximately 40% of diarrheal cases still remains unidentified. Though many enteroviruses (EVs) are transmitted through fecal-oral route and replicate in the intestinal cells, their association with acute diarrhea has not so far been recognized due to lack of detailed epidemiological investigations. This long-term, detailed molecular epidemiological study aims to conclusively determine the association of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) with acute diarrhea in comparison with rotavirus (RV) in children.

Depression in adolescents with chronic medical illness.

Chronic illness can lead to anxiety and depression in both parents and their adolescents. The identification of predictor variables would greatly assist pediatricians and parents in identifying children at risk for prolonged depression. Findings indicate that age and gender of the adolescent and duration of illness did not affect the depression score, but type of illness affected the score significantly.