Analysis of total microcystins by Lemieux oxidation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in fish and mussels tissues: Optimization and comparison of protocols.

Microcystins (MCs) can be detected in various matrices in two forms: a freely extractable fraction and a total (free and covalently protein-bound) fraction. Although the majority of MCs analyses are limited to the free fraction, they do not allow the analysis of all MCs variants or protein-bound forms. Other methods, known as total MCs analysis methods, enable simultaneous analysis of all MCs variants, as well as bound forms, which may be a major form of toxin accumulation in organisms.

Immobilisation of contaminants by 'green'-synthesized magnetite as a remediation approach to the phosphogypsum waste leachates model solution.

Contaminant removal from (waste)waters by magnetite is a promising technology. In the present experimental study, a magnetite recycled from the steel industry waste (zero-valent iron powder) was used to investigate the sorption of As, Sb and U in phosphate-free and -rich suspensions, i.e.

Analysis of Total-Forms of Cyanotoxins Microcystins in Biological Matrices: A Methodological Review.

Microcystins (MCs) are cyclic heptapeptidic toxins produced by many cyanobacteria. Microcystins can be accumulated in various matrices in two forms: a free cellular fraction and a covalently protein-bound form. To detect and quantify the concentration of microcystins, a panel of techniques on various matrices (water, sediments, and animal tissues) is available.

Preeclampsia and the 20th century: "Le siècle des Lumières".

The authors delineate seven quantum leap forward and, or revolutions having occurred during the 20th century in the understanding of the physiopathology of preeclampsia. First the discovery of the inflatable arm band permitting to measure blood pressure in 1896. Second, the discovery that eclamptic (convulsions), and later "pre"eclamptic (proteinuria) women presented hypertension in 1897 and confirmed in 1903, discovery of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Anti-CD160, Alone or in Combination With Bevacizumab, Is a Potent Inhibitor of Ocular Neovascularization in Rabbit and Monkey Models.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of the murine first-in-class CL1-R2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting human CD160 (alone or in combination with bevacizumab) by using the rabbit corneal neovascularization (CNV) model, and determine the safety and efficacy of ELB01101, a novel CL1-R2-derived humanized IgG4 mAb, in a monkey model of choroidal neovascularization (ChNV).

Methods: Comparison of effect of CL1-R2, bevacizumab, or aflibercept or IgG1 (control) injections in early and late treatment schemes on evolution of VEGF- or FGF2-induced rabbit CNV was performed. In the combination setting, bevacizumab was coinjected with different doses of CL1-R2.