Delmopinol - adsorption to and absorption through the oral mucosa.

Objectives: To investigate the surface chemical changes in dynamic interactions of delmopinol on salivary films on oral mucosa in healthy participants after rinsing with an unbuffered water solution of delmopinol, and to examine the oral tissue disposition of delmopinol in rats after local administration.

Material And Methods: The contact angle technique was used to monitor the interaction of delmopinol with the salivary film coating the upper labial mucosa of 10 healthy participants through a 4 h period. The tissue disposition of C-labelled delmopinol was examined in rats by autoradiography.

Surface ozone climatology of South Eastern Brazil and the impact of biomass burning events.

In the austral spring, biomass fires affect a vast area of South America each year. We combined in situ ozone (O) data, measured in the states of São Paulo and Paraná, Brazil, in the period 2014-2017, with aerosol optical depth, co-pollutants (NOx, PM and PM) and air backtrajectories to identify sources, transport and geographical patterns in the air pollution data. We applied cluster analysis to hourly O data and split the investigation area of approximately 290,000 km into five groups with similar features in terms of diurnal, weekly, monthly and seasonal O concentrations.

Aviation effects on already-existing cirrus clouds.

Determining the effects of the formation of contrails within natural cirrus clouds has proven to be challenging. Quantifying any such effects is necessary if we are to properly account for the influence of aviation on climate. Here we quantify the effect of aircraft on the optical thickness of already-existing cirrus clouds by matching actual aircraft flight tracks to satellite lidar measurements.

Remote sensing of aerosols in the Arctic for an evaluation of global climate model simulations.

Unlabelled: In this study Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua retrievals of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) at 555 nm are compared to Sun photometer measurements from Svalbard for a period of 9 years. For the 642 daily coincident measurements that were obtained, MODIS AOT generally varies within the predicted uncertainty of the retrieval over ocean (ΔAOT = ±0.03 ± 0.