Deciphering single-cell heterogeneity and cellular ecosystem dynamics during prostate cancer progression.

Prostate cancer (PC) progresses from benign epithelium through pre-malignant lesions, localized tumors, metastatic dissemination, and castration-resistant stages, with some cases exhibiting phenotype plasticity under therapeutic pressure. However, high-resolution insights into how cell phenotypes evolve across successive stages of PC remain limited. Here, we present the Prostate Cancer Cell Atlas (PCCAT) by integrating ∼710,000 single cells from 197 human samples covering a spectrum of tumor stages.

Increased nuclear factor I-mediated chromatin access drives transition to androgen receptor splice variant dependence in prostate cancer.

Androgen receptor (AR) splice variants, of which ARv7 is the most common, are increased in castration-resistant prostate cancer, but the extent to which they drive AR activity is unclear. We generated a subline of VCaP cells (VCaP16) that is resistant to the AR inhibitor enzalutamide (ENZ). AR activity in VCaP16 is driven by ARv7, independently of full-length AR (ARfl), and its cistrome and transcriptome mirror those of ARfl in VCaP cells.

SERIAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT WITH STANDARDIZED EXTERNAL SCORING AND HEMOLYMPH EVALUATION IN THE AMERICAN HORSESHOE CRAB ().

Serial health assessment of a managed population of American horseshoe crabs (HSC; ) was performed. Twenty HSC were examined once a month for 7 mon; this included a physical exam with a standardized scoring sheet, HR, morphometrics, and hemolymph evaluation with hemocyte count, copper concentration, and biochemistry panel. The HSC in this population had varying levels of external lesions at enrollment.

Early medical risks to language development in extremely preterm infants.

Objective: To study the mechanistic role of neonatal morbidities on language performance in extremely preterm (EP) infants.

Study Design: We conducted secondary analyses on EP infants born at a single tertiary care center, investigating whether neonatal morbidities mediated associations between gestational age and language performance at 18-26 months corrected age.

Results: Infants born at 25-26 weeks (n = 298) outperformed those born at 22-24 weeks (n = 177) in expressive communication, receptive communication, composite language, and cognition.

Interrupted Versus Running Sutures for Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Cranial Bypass.

Background And Objectives: Superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass is the workhorse for flow augmentation surgery. Although either interrupted or running sutures can be used to complete the anastomosis with high intraoperative patency rates, no previous study in the cranial bypass literature has compared long-term patency and maturity of end-to-side STA-MCA anastomoses. We compared STA-MCA anastomoses performed with running vs interrupted sutures by evaluating bypass flow and anastomotic maturation on follow-up vascular imaging.