[Aging of the brain reward system].

This minireview is the first attempt to summarize the scarce data on the physiological changes that occur with aging in opioid, serotonergic, dopaminergic and other systems of the brain associated with the reward reactions.

[Nonpharmacological therapy of duodenal ulcer in elderly patients].

Aim: To validate principles and policy of non-pharmacological treatment of duodenal ulcer (DLU) with onset at old age, to study medico-social efficacy of DU non-pharmacological treatment.

Material And Methods: The study was made of 234 cases of DU in patients aged 61-65 years (mean age 63.2 years).

[Interleukins in elderly patients with ulcer diseases associated with non-alcoholic fat hepatitis].

The levels of interleukins in elderly patients with ulcer diseases associated with non-alcoholic hepatitis are described in this article. The situation in patients with non-alcoholic hepatitis is worse. The positive dynamic of interleukin-1 and -6's level can be used as criteria of effective treatment in elderly patients with ulcer diseases associated with non-alcoholic hepatitis.

[Medical and social problems in gerontology and geriatrics: the acknowledgment of patients and medical personnel].

The positions of patients and medical personnel are described in this article. The problems of prevention in elders and medical education of patients are investigated.

[Endothelial changes in cardiovascular pathology in the elderly. Part 2. Signal molecules and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis].

This article is a continuation of the review on the issue of the interaction between the endothelium and numerous biologically active substances, secreted by endotheliocytes and their environment--the so called signal molecules--in the most prevalent cardiovascular pathology in the elderly. For example tumor necrosis factor plays a pathogenetic role as an immunomodulator, possesses anti-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic properties, provokes endothelial dysfunction, and stimulates the expression of other pro-inflammatory cytokines. Other signal molecules are described as well.