The varieties of psychosis in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review of cases.

Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is known to be associated with a wide range of psychiatric symptoms, particularly with affective disorders. However, a link to psychotic disorders has not been fully established.

Methods: A systematic review of the PubMed/MEDLINE database was performed to identify cases of MS presenting with psychotic symptoms.

Branching enzyme deficiency: expanding the clinical spectrum.

Importance: The neuromuscular presentation of glycogen branching enzyme deficiency includes a severe infantile form and a late-onset variant known as adult polyglucosan body disease. Herein, we describe 2 patients with adult acute onset of fluctuating neurological signs and brain magnetic resonance imaging lesions simulating multiple sclerosis. A better definition of this new clinical entity is needed to facilitate diagnosis.

Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis.

Background: Epidemiological data support a potential relationship between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). In vitro studies have expanded the potential role of vitamin D and its receptor beyond calcium modulation, regulation, and maintenance of bone mineralization, to include immune modulation.

Review Summary: Whether vitamin D immunomodulatory effects can be translated into clinical benefits in MS patients is still a matter of debate.