Development of a welfare assessment protocol for migratory goats in the North-Western Himalayan region.

This study aimed to develop a welfare assessment protocol specifically for migratory goats, acknowledging that migratory pastoralism, while allowing natural behavior expression, can compormise welfare due to environmental stressors and malnutrition. Existing research predominantly focuses on intensive systems, leaving a gap in migratory system assessment. Adapted from the AWIN framework, the protocol was developed through a systematic literature review and expert consultation ( = 46), prioritizing welfare indicators using Likert scale and Weighted Average Index.

Insights from a multiscale framework on metabolic rate variation driving glioblastoma multiforme growth and invasion.

Non-physiological levels of oxygen and nutrients within the tumors result in heterogeneous cell populations that exhibit distinct necrotic, hypoxic, and proliferative zones. Among these zonal cellular properties, metabolic rates strongly affect the overall growth and invasion of tumors. Here, we report on a hybrid discrete-continuum (HDC) mathematical framework that uses metabolic data from a biomimetic two-dimensional (2D) in-vitro cancer model to predict three-dimensional (3D) behaviour of in-vitro human glioblastoma (hGB).

Comprehensive Management of Mandibular Canine Transmigration: A Multidisciplinary Approach.

Transmigration of mandibular canine teeth is a rare dental anomaly characterized by the tooth's aberrant migration through the alveolar bone. This deviation from the expected eruption pathway can lead to tooth impaction, root resorption, periodontal problems, and aesthetic concerns. The exact cause of transmigration is not fully understood, but it is believed to be influenced by a combination of genetic, developmental, and environmental factors.

A Minimal PBPK Model Describes the Differential Disposition of Silica Nanoparticles In Vivo.

Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising candidates for drug delivery due to their tunable physical and chemical properties. Among these, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are particularly valued for their biocompatibility and adaptability in applications like drug delivery and medical imaging. However, predicting SiNP biodistribution and clearance remains a significant challenge.