Screening for latent tuberculosis in migrants-status quo and future challenges.

Objectives: To review the evidence that migrants from tuberculosis (TB) high-incidence countries migrating to TB low-incidence countries significantly contribute to active TB cases in the counties of destination, primarily through reactivation of latent TB.

Methods: This is a narrative review. The different screening programs in the countries of destination are reviewed either based on screening and preventive treatment of latent TB pre or more commonly - post arrival.

Expression of mycobacterium tuberculosis induced SOCS3 and STAT3 and the implications on innate immunity in TB patients vs healthy contacts in high TB/HIV endemic setting: A cross-sectional analytical study.

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) remains a disease of global health concern and a leading cause of mortality arising from an infectious agent. Protective immunity to TB remains unclear. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) and signal transduction and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) genes have shown potential to influence innate immunity.

A 10-year Review of TB Notifications and Mortality Trends Using a Joint Point Analysis in Zambia - a High TB burden country.

Background: Zambia is one of the TB high-burden countries. It is important to track the progress being made towards enhancing case finding and reducing mortality. We reviewed routine TB notifications and mortality trends, over a decade from all facilities in Zambia.

Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and Malaria Health Services in sub-Saharan Africa - A Situation Analysis of the Disruptions and Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: The unprecedented and ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has exposed weaknesses in African countries' health systems. The impact of shifted focus on COVID-19 for the past 2 years on routine health services, especially those for the epidemics of Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and Malaria, have been dramatic in both quantity and quality.

Methods: In this article, we reflect on the COVID-19 related disruptions on the Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and Malaria routine health services across Africa.