Knowledge of Accredited Social Health Activists in India: a systematic review and meta analysis of evidence drawn from primary studies published between 2005 and 2022.

Background: Since the inception of the ASHAs in the year 2005, their work horizons have increased from Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent health (RMNCH + A), Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases (CD & NCD) to oral health, ophthalmologic care, and other supportive community level healthcare services. The present literature lacks comprehensive understanding and synthesis of domain-wise knowledge of ASHAs and the factors affecting their knowledge. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize and collate the relevant evidence to understand the overall knowledge of ASHAs.

Distinct Charge and Spin Recovery Dynamics in a Photoexcited Mott Insulator.

Pump-probe response of the spin-orbit coupled Mott insulator Sr_{2}IrO_{4} reveals a rapid creation of low-energy optical weight and suppression of three-dimensional magnetic order on laser pumping. Postpump there is a quick reduction of the optical weight but a very slow recovery of the magnetic order-the difference is attributed to weak interlayer exchange in Sr_{2}IrO_{4} delaying the recovery of three-dimensional magnetic order. We suggest that the effect has a very different and more fundamental origin.

Dynamical phase transitions in the XY model: A Monte Carlo and mean-field-theory study.

We investigate the dynamical phases and phase transitions arising in a classical two-dimensional anisotropic XY model under the influence of a periodically driven temporal external magnetic field in the form of a symmetric square wave. We use a combination of finite temperature classical Monte Carlo simulation, implemented within a CPU+GPU paradigm, utilizing local dynamics provided by the Glauber algorithm and a phenomenological equation-of-motion approach based on relaxational dynamics governed by the time-dependent free energy within a mean-field approximation to study the model. We investigate several parameter regimes of the variables (magnetic field, anisotropy, and the external drive frequency) that influence the anisotropic XY system.

Betel Quid Use and Tuberculosis Transmission: A Neglected Focus Area for Tuberculosis Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Habitual betel quid consumption and spitting contribute to tuberculosis (TB) transmission due to direct exposure to pathogens, immunosuppression, and social contact. Despite betel quid being classified as a group 1 human carcinogen and a high prevalence of betel quid consumption in patients with TB, there exists a knowledge gap in the relationship between quid use and TB, which presents as a neglected opportunity to address the global burden of TB in low- and middle-income countries. Understanding such a knowledge gap is crucial when taking measures at various levels, including research prioritization, behavior change communication, and legislation to address the availability and access of quid products, coupled with community-based interventional strategies.

A Survey on Data-Driven Approaches for Reliability, Robustness, and Energy Efficiency in Wireless Body Area Networks.

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are pivotal in health care and wearable technologies, enabling seamless communication between miniature sensors and devices on or within the human body. These biosensors capture critical physiological parameters, ranging from body temperature and blood oxygen levels to real-time electrocardiogram readings. However, WBANs face significant challenges during and after deployment, including energy conservation, security, reliability, and failure vulnerability.