Post-mortem iris biometrics - Field, applications and methods.

Post-mortem iris recognition (PMIR) is a recently developed area of expertise falling into the broader category of biometric methods utilizing human iris features for the purpose of automatic or semi-automatic establishing or confirming one's identity. Yet, contrary to traditional iris recognition applied to living individuals, post-mortem biometrics presents forensic experts and scientists with challenges that have previously been unknown and require novel approaches and development of new skills. This paper summarizes the current state of the art of research in this area, both with respect to studies exploring the feasibility of iris recognition in a forensic setting, as well as the challenges still pervasive in the scientific community and potential ways to overcome them.

The etiology, diagnostics, and treatment of the spasm of the near reflex - a narrative review.

Physiological adaptation of the eye to the visual perception of near objects consists of the "near triad": convergence, accommodation, and pupil miosis. Normally, these tend to revert when one stops fixating on a near object. Spasm of the near reflex (SNR) is a pathological phenomenon, which manifests itself by the persistence of the above-mentioned adjustments, which prevents the eye from returning to its relaxed state.

Diagnostic and prognostic values of conjunctival and oral biopsies analyzed by direct immunofluorescence in patients with mucous membrane pemphigoid.

Introduction: Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is diagnosed on the basis of a characteristic clinical picture (a predilection for mucosal involvement and scarring in the affected tissues) and a positive direct immunofluorescence (DIF) result.

Methods: In this study, we compare the diagnostic and prognostic values of conjunctival and oral biopsies analyzed by DIF in patients with MMP. Sixteen patients with MMP and mucosal involvement as a predominant symptom were classified into three groups based on the clinical picture.

Visual Snow: A Review on Pathophysiology and Treatment.

Objective: Visual snow (VS) is a rare clinical entity in neuro-ophthalmology. It is described as the presence of flickering dots affecting the whole visual field, often compared by patients to snow or pixelated television static. Importantly, it can be an alarming symptom for many patients, lowering their quality of life.

Does pregnancy influence eye parameters? Assessment of choroidal thickness using EDI-OCT before and after labour depending on the way of delivery method.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the choroidal thickness (CT) with use of EDI-OCT in patients before and after delivery depending on the mode of delivery.

Material And Methods: The study involved 146 eyes of 73 patients aged 20-34 years, after natural labour (66 eyes) and C-section (80 eyes). Main inclusion criteria: Informed consent to participate in the study, age 18-35 years, single pregnancy, spherical refraction error -4.