Inactivation of spermine synthase in mice causes osteopenia due to reduced osteoblast activity.

Spermine synthase, encoded by the SMS gene, is involved in polyamine metabolism, as it is required for the synthesis of spermine from its precursor molecule spermidine. Pathogenic variants of SMS are known to cause Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS), an X-linked recessive disorder causing various symptoms, including intellectual disability, muscular hypotonia, infertility, but also skeletal abnormalities, such as facial dysmorphisms and osteoporosis. Since the impact of a murine SMS deficiency has so far only been analyzed in Gy mice, where a large genomic deletion also includes the neighboring Phex gene, there is only limited knowledge about the potential role of SMS in bone cell regulation.

The criticality of risk generalization beliefs. An experimental study on communication about risk of bamboo tableware.

The study focusses on risk related generalization beliefs, i.e., the belief that the risk of a specific agent can be generalized across various conditions.