Publications by authors named "P M Ueland"
Objectives: Indications of mitochondrial dysfunction are commonly seen in liver diseases, but data are scarce in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Analyzing circulating and liver-resident molecules indirectly reflecting mitochondrial dysfunction, we aimed to comprehensively characterize this deficit in PSC, and whether this was PSC specific or associated with cholestasis.
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively included plasma from 191 non-transplant patients with large-duct PSC and 100 healthy controls and explanted liver tissue extracts from 24 PSC patients and 18 non-cholestatic liver disease controls.
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- A study explored the link between a bacterial metabolite, indole 3-acetate (3-IAA), and chemotherapy response in non-metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients, building on previous findings in metastatic cases.
- Researchers measured 3-IAA levels in blood from 124 patients with locally advanced or borderline resectable PDAC before they started chemotherapy, primarily FOLFIRINOX.
- The results showed no significant association between pre-treatment 3-IAA levels and overall survival, suggesting that the positive effects seen in metastatic cases may not apply to non-metastatic patients, highlighting the need for further research.
Article Synopsis
- Elevated levels of fasting plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and a specific genetic variant (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism) are linked to hypertension, but the role of the l-Arginine pathway was previously unclear.
- A study involving 788 adults found that higher tHcy levels were positively related to two metabolites (ADMA and SDMA) and negatively associated with the l-Arginine/ADMA ratio, indicating a potential protective effect against hypertension.
- The analysis suggested that both tHcy and ADMA play intermediary roles in how the genetic variant affects hypertension risk, highlighting the importance of the l-Arginine pathway in this relationship.
Background: The kynurenine pathway (KP) is an important hub in neuroimmune crosstalk that is dysregulated in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and modulated by exercise in a modality-specific manner.
Objectives: To compare changes in the KP metabolite profile of pwMS (1) following combined treatments including either high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) during a 3-week multimodal rehabilitation, (2) to evaluate exercise response in relation to baseline systemic inflammation, and (3) to investigate associations of kynurenines with physical capacity and clinical outcomes.
Methods: For this secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial, serum concentrations of kynurenines at baseline and after 3 weeks were determined using targeted metabolomics (LC-MS/MS).
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) coenzymes are the central electron carriers in biological energy metabolism. Low NAD levels are proposed as a hallmark of ageing and several diseases, which has given rise to therapeutic strategies that aim to tackle these conditions by boosting NAD levels. As a lifestyle factor with preventive and therapeutic effects, exercise increases NAD levels across various tissues, but so far human trials are mostly focused on skeletal muscle.
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