Gut microbiota and gut-derived metabolites are altered and associated with dietary intake in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Disturbances in the gut microbiota may act as mechanisms influencing the interplay between dietary factors and metabolic disorders. Studies have demonstrated that these alterations are associated with the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Within this context, we aimed to investigate associations between gut microbiota, gut-derived metabolites (short-chain fatty acids [SCFAs] and indole-3-propionic acid [IPA]), and dietary intake in women with PCOS.

Interactions between glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and estrogens regulates lipid metabolism.

Obesity, characterized by excessive fat accumulation in white adipose tissue (WAT), is linked to numerous health issues, including insulin resistance (IR), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The distribution of adipose tissue differs by sex, with men typically exhibiting android adiposity and pre-menopausal women displaying gynecoid adiposity. After menopause, women have an increased risk of developing android-type obesity, IR, and DM2.

Effects of a high-protein, low-glycemic-index diet on body weight and waist circumference in late postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To describe the secondary outcomes (weight loss, waist circumference [WC], and glycolipid profile) of a previous randomized controlled trial designed to investigate the impact of a high-protein, low-glycemic-index (GI) diet on lean body mass in late postmenopausal women.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 26 healthy women aged ≥ 65 years and with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 26.1 ± 3.

Topiramate added to metformin for obesity control in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.

Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is often linked with obesity, and weight management can improve endocrine and cardiometabolic features.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of adding topiramate (TPM) to metformin (MTF) on weight control, hormonal and metabolic outcomes in women with PCOS.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, participants with PCOS and body mass index ≥30 kg/m² or ≥27 kg/m² associated with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, or dyslipidemia followed a 20 kcal/kg diet in addition to 850 mg of MTF or a previous MTF regimen.