Sampling Considerations for Wastewater Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance in Fecal Bacteria.

Wastewaters can be analyzed to generate population-level data for public health surveillance, such as antibiotic resistance monitoring. To provide representative data for the contributing population, bacterial isolates collected from wastewater should originate from different individuals and not be distorted by a selection pressure in the wastewater. Here we use diversity as a proxy for representativeness when comparing grab and composite sampling at a major municipal wastewater treatment plant influent and an untreated hospital effluent in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Surveillance of antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in human populations through urban wastewater in ten European countries.

Antibiotic resistance surveillance data is lacking in many parts of the world, limiting effective therapy and management of resistance development. Analysis of urban wastewater, which contains bacteria from thousands of individuals, opens up possibilities to generate informative surveillance data in a standardized and resource-efficient way. Here, we evaluate the relationship between antibiotic resistance prevalence in E.

Population-level surveillance of antibiotic resistance in through sewage analysis.

IntroductionThe occurrence of antibiotic resistance in faecal bacteria in sewage is likely to reflect the current local clinical resistance situation.AimThis observational study investigated the relationship between resistance rates in sewage and clinical samples representing the same human populations.Methods were isolated from eight hospital (n = 721 isolates) and six municipal (n = 531 isolates) sewage samples, over 1 year in Gothenburg, Sweden.

A conceptual framework for the environmental surveillance of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance.

Environmental surveillance of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance could contribute toward the protection of human, animal and ecosystem health. However, justification for the choice of markers and sampling sites that informs about different risk scenarios is often lacking. Here, we define five fundamentally different objectives for surveillance of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in the environment.

Longitudinal study of ESBL Escherichia coli carriage on an organic broiler farm.

Objectives: To determine the molecular characteristics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E) collected during a longitudinal study on an organic broiler farm in order to investigate clonal expansion and horizontal gene transfer.

Methods: Isolates were obtained from a longitudinal study performed previously on an organic broiler fattening farm. Samples from individually followed-up broilers, the broiler house, the transport van and persons that took the samples, taken at several timepoints (days 1, 3, 4, 7, 10, 42 and 70) within a production round and during the consecutive one (days 1, 2, 3 and 70), had been investigated for the occurrence of ESBL-E.