Biomarkers.

Background: Chronic exposition to stressor factors has been postulated as a cause of structural changes in the brain in the context of dementia. One of these changes can be the fiber integrity loss, that can be measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We obtained DTI whole brain metrics to relate them with allostatic load in subjects of a chilean cohort of cognitive complaint subjects.

Biomarkers.

Background: Chronic exposure to stress, quantified by allostatic load (AL), has been postulated as a cause of structural brain changes in the context of dementia. White matter hyperintensities (WMH), detected in MRI FLAIR, are a common brain abnormality representing small vessel disease or degenerative changes in the brain. Here, we studied differences in tract-specific WMH volume across three risk levels of AL in Chilean subjects with cognitive complaint, to explore links between chronic stress exposure and prodromal steps of dementia.

Biomarkers.

Background: The Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum is composed of the stages of Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's Disease Dementia (ADD). The decrease in gray matter volume (GMV) secondary to cortical atrophy, commonly seen in this continuum, is related to cognitive and activities of daily living (ADL) impairment. Additionally, White Matter Hyperintensities (WMH), MRI abnormalities frequently observed in older adults and patients with dementia, are also associated with cognitive and ADL performance.

Biomarkers.

Background: The Alzheimer's Disease (AD) continuum is composed of Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's Disease Dementia (ADD). Changes in grey matter volume (GMV), characteristic of the AD continuum, are related to cognitive and activities of daily living (ADL) impairments. ADLs are divided into three domains: i) Basic (BADL), ii) Instrumental (IADL), and iii) Advanced (AADL), and their study is critical for understanding the evolution and adequate follow-up of patients.

Biomarkers.

Background: The content of circulating exosomes has been observed to be altered in response to changes in physiological and pathological conditions, and they are detectable in different human fluids such as blood. Studies focused on the quantification of Aβ and tau proteins, as molecules contained within exosomes, suggest that they are related with Alzheimer disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) development, demonstrated that plasma-derived exosome analysis is a good approach for searching for biomarkers in the development of dementia. Our aim is to identify new blood biomarkers to detect the AD or FTD in the Chilean population using machine learning based on exosomal miRNAs.